The Placebo Effect
“What’s effective is not the placebo, but the meaning of the treatment,” writes the doctor Harriet Hall in Skeptic Magazine. “We enter into a human relationship with a caring person who offers to help us.”
Hall is talking about placebos, those pills used by doctors and scientists that don’t contain any medicine, but often seem to help patients get better anyway. I say “seem” because the exact nature of the improvement, and the way that placebos effect it, is one of the most famously controversial topics in 20th-century medicine.
The article mentions that patients who know they’ve been given a placebo (commonly a sugar pill or just water) often request to continue the treatment. If you’re the type doctor who only believes in a physically measurable improvement — and most doctors are — then this request seems hardly justified. On the other hand, even if the patient is “imagining” their improvement, it seems presumptuous to claim that they are also “imagining” the sense of subjective comfort they are obviously getting.
The answer, says Hall, is to widen the medical definition of “betterment” beyond the rigid and often unsympathetic limits imposed on it by the tradition of empirical science. (Personally, I think mind-body duality is also to blame…)
